The Shortest Day of the Year

Today is the shortest day of the year. I made a PowerPoint presentation to explain how the earth's season are caused by the tilt of the the earth. Here are the slides I made.

Review: The Hunger Games

Today I am going to be writing a book review about the hunger games 1, 2 and 3. I hope you enjoy it. :) 

First of all lets get this straight we are not in our world we are in a world of dystopia called Panem.

Ladies and Gentlemen let the 74th annual hunger games begin.

The first book starts with the main character, Katniss Everdeen, describing her home and hunting. It is the morning of her fourth ‘reaping’. A reaping is a annual event that chooses one female and one male from each of the twelve districts to compete in the hunger games which is a tournament where the take twenty four children from the age of twelve to eighteen into an arena to fight to the death. The capitol is in charge of the hunger games and enjoy watching them kill each other. 

The capitol doesn’t treat the districts fairly, apart from district two. During the morning of the reaping Katniss's sister is chosen and she willingly takes her place. The male tribute is Peeta Mellark. After saying goodbye to her family and only friend Gale she boards the train to the capitol with her mentor Hamitch and escort Effie.  

As a big surprise in the interviews Peeta suddenly announces that he loves Katniss. Once in the arena Katniss starts to look for water and shelter and about two weeks in she becomes allies with little Rue and when the careers (highly trained tributes) find out they have blown up their food supply they kill Rue and try to kill Katniss. A week later the game makers announce that two tributes from the same district can win together. Once Peeta and Katniss are together in the arena and have killed the rest of the tributes the game makers announce that only one Tribute can win so they attempt to sacrifice both of themselves but are stoped and are both taken out of the arena and crowned victors together.

Katniss made me feel that I wanted to know what happened to her. She is very brave volunteering for her sister and also quite selfless but at the same time very humble and she was very brave to kill President Coin, the rebel leader. I felt sorry for Peeta because since he said he loved Katniss he is used by everyone as pawn. I also quite liked Johanna Mason and Finnick Odair. Johanna seemed so brave and fearless that it seemed she could do anything she wanted. Finnick on the other hand was different. I felt that he was quite humble and would do anything for Annie. I found Plutarch Heaveansby interesting because of all the courage he had to break out of the capitol with the rebels. The backbone of the book is the realisation that this could be the future and just how awful it would be if it was real. It shows the danger of a small group of people controlling all the wealth and power.

I recommend these books to people who like challenging reads and don’t mind a little bit of violence.

The Winter Solstice

Today I am going to be talking about the winter solstice.

The pagans are the people who celebrated yule. The pagans arrived in Britain around 500 BCE and changed to Christianity around 500 CE. The pagans had lots of different gods all of which  possessed a different power. They would worship their gods in wooden temples or sacred clearings in the woods. They would wear amulets with animal bones or teeth which they believed would give them the power of the animal.  

The winter solstice is the shortest day of the year and the longest night of the year. It is a time celebrate the sun because without the sun there would be no plants and without plants there would be food, oxygen or life. The winter solstice is on the first day of winter (21st December.) The historical tradition started with the fear that fading sun would never come back unless people kept a eye on it and had a big celebration.

The Norsemen saw the sun as a big sacred wheel that changed the seasons. The word for the wheel was ‘houl' and it is thought that is where the word yule came from. On the winter solstice Norsemen would light big bonfires, tell old stories and drink sweet ale. It is known that yule was celebrated long before Christmas. Druids (Celtic priests) would cut the beautiful mistletoe that grew on the oak trees and give it as a blessing (the oaks where considered sacred.) The winter fruits of the lovely mistletoe was a symbol of life in the cold and dark winter months. 

It is believed that the druids started the tradition of the Yule log. They thought that the sun stood still for twelve days and it was thought that the log when lit would conquer the darkness, banish evil spirits, celebrate the return of the sun and bring luck for the next year to come. But the log could also bring bad luck for example if the fire went out before the end of the night disaster would strike the house and if the fire showed someones shadow without its head that person would die within the coming year. 

Even though it was always thought that Stonehenge was made for the summer solstice historians have recently found out it was made for both solstices for more information about Stonehenge look at my post: Day at Stonehenge (probably in older posts.)

Diwali: the Festival of Light

This month I am going to be learning about how different tribes and religions celebrate midwinter. For example Diwali, Eid ul adha, the winter solstice……etc.  

Here is some about Diwali the way Hindu celebrate Christmas.

In the fall of every year Hindus celebrate Diwali the festival of light. They will celebrate the power of good over evil and light over darkness. If you get up early you will see shopkeepers eagerly weaving garlands of jasmine which the locals will adorn their homes with. 

If you go to India during Diwali you may see people making bright pictures on their doorstep out of sand and powder, they are usually blossoms. A lot of people make lamps called Dias. Dias bring good luck and fortune. During Diwali Every one wears new clothes, eat good food, make firework displays, give gifts and meet friends and relatives. If you live in India it is normal for neighbours to come and wish you a happy Diwali and give you gifts and food. They pray to Ganesh the god of wisdom and luck and to Lakshmi the god of wealth and purity. They also pray to Ramayana to welcome him back from his fourteen years of banishment. 

Muhammad Ali, The Champ

I was inspired to write this blog by the children's illustrated biography 'The champ" by Tonya Bolden, and illustrated by R. Gregory Christie. Here is the link in case you were interested to by it.

Born: January 17th, 1942 Louisville, Kentucky.
Died: June 3rd, 2016 Scottsdale Arizona.

Muhammad Ali was born with his father's name, Cassius Clay. Cassius was born in Louisville, Kentucky. When Cassius was twelve he had a bike. His bike was his pride, he loved it. But one day his bike was stolen. He told the police officer that he was going to fight the person who stole his bike. The police officer said that he should learn to fight before he started challenging people. It just so happened that the police officer, Officer Joe, taught kids to box. Very soon Cassius found out that there was a lot more to boxing than just punching.

In 1954 Cassius had his very first match and his very first win. From now on his ambition was to be the greatest boxer. Early every day little Cassius was seen running uphill, downhill, forwards and sometimes even backwards! Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday. Cassius was raised a Baptist so Sunday was his Sabbath, the only day he didn't train. By the age of eighteen Cassius had won bout after bout and had great triumphs in many big tournaments. And then in summer 1960 Cassius traveled to the Olympics in Rome, Italy, and boxed all the way to gold.

Cassius boxed all across the Atlantic ocean, London, England, his hometown and other US states. By the time Cassius was 22 he had won many fights. He didn't always hold his hands up to protect himself but held them by his sides daring the opponent to make a move and then he would whiz out of the way like a bee. He had a motto: 'Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee!' It was chanted all around the world.

'When you come to the fight, don't block the aisle and don't block the door. You will go home after round four.' That is what Clay said before his fight with Archie Moore and coincidentally on the 15th November 1962 Los Angeles California Clay KO Moore in round four. When it came to Sonny Liston, who held the heavyweight crown, everyone thought that Liston would beat Clay in a second. The fight held place at Miami beach, Florida on the 25 of February. The fight lasted six rounds and there seemed to be no more no round seven, Liston slumped in the corner of the ring. Cassius's dream had come true, he was king of the ring, he was the champ!

Two day after becoming the heavyweight champion Cassius shocked the world again by becoming a Muslim. shortly after Cassius became a Muslim he took up a Arabic name: Muhammad Ali. And then in the summer 1967 Muhammad was told he was going to go to war. Muhammad refused to go to war saying it was against his religion to be a soldier in a war he didn't support. A $10,000 fine and five years in jail was the price Ali had to pay. They took his crown, banned him from boxing in the US states and took his passport so that he couldn't box abroad.

Since Ali couldn't box he gave speeches and even appeared on talk shows and game shows. One year, two years, three years Ali was allowed to  box again!  It was October 26th 1970 Atlanta, Georgia, that was the place and time that Ali made his comeback. Ali fought the great Jerry Quarry and won in round three. Then Oscar Bonavena. movie stars, singers, so many famous people packed into New York city's Madison square garden on March 8th 1971 to see Ali and Joe Frazier. round after round punch after punch. Ali was hit hard again and again, he had never been hit so many times. Finally the bell went. DING! Frazier had won and got to keep the crown. But Ali still believed he would be king of the ring again. In June 1971 Ali was given good news he didn't have to go to jail and the government had to give his passport back!

By 1972 Ali had his very own training camp in Deer lake, Pensilvania. Outside the camp there was a sign saying: "Muhammad Ali welcomes you to deer lake." "The bee has not lost his sting, and the butterfly still has his wings." That is what Muhammad said after he lost to Ken Norton March, 1973. Ali won Several months later in a rematch. Ali's next win was with the fidgety Joe Frazier who had lost the crown to George Foreman. It was the 30th October 1974 when Ali faced Foreman. "Rumble in the Jungle." took place in a soccer stadium in the city of Kinshasa the capitol of Zaire. There was a huge crowd waiting to meet Ali when he arrived in Kinshasa. "Ali, destroy him" that what everybody was chanting even though they knew that Foreman had the most powerful punch in the world. It was terribly hot the night of the fight and with Foreman's power-punching Ali would surely lose. No!  Ali had a plan, he would wear Foreman out. By round eight Ali sent Foreman stumbling into the corner of the ring DING! there went the bell Ali had his crown back!

Ali kept the crown throughout his next 10 fights. But Ali's sting was fragile and his wings dented. on October 1st, 1975 Manila, capitol of the Philippine islands Ali one again faced Frazier.  It was called the "Thrilla in Manila." Ali was hit so many times but he still managed to win. and he went on to win against: Jean-pierre Coopman, Jimmy Young, Richard Dunn, Ken Norton, Alfredo Evangelista and Earnie Shavers. But on February 15th in Las Vegas, Nevada, Ali lost his crown to Leon Spinks! But in a rematch several months later Ali made history and won. Never had anyone been king of the ring three times! In the summer of 1979 Ali said a good-bye to boxing but in October 1980, Las Vegas, Nevada, Ali was back in the ring against Larry Holmes. But sadly he was KO.

Sadly Ali's time had come, it was time to retire. But everybody still loved him he still had a good sense of humour and he always had his magic tricks. Ali made use of his life by making speeches and spreading his joy. Ali surprised everybody in 1996 by appearing at the summer olympic games, the 100th anniversary off the games! Held in Atlanta Georgia. He had the honour of lighting the cauldron to signal the start of the games!

Sadly on the 3rd June 2016 Muhammad Ali died of septic shock. He was and will always be loved and respected. (he also suffered from parkinson's disease.)

Dust Bowl

When the first settlers crossed the American plains in the mid-to-late 1800s, the vast landscape would have seemed endless. So much fertile land to be ranched or farmed. In the 1920s grain prices dropped and lots of farmers had to farm more land to earn what they used to. Farmers throughout the midwest  stripped the prairie-lands to make more farms. Some people warned that the land wouldn't stay fertile if it was used that way. Though few farmers listened this and the high temperatures and drought caused the crops to die and the earth became rock hard. Strong winds came and blew the earth away as dust. There was no trees to hold it in place.

On April 14th 1935, the dust storm rose. It went for miles and quickly moved across the United States, covering everything in its path in a thick layer of black dust. The dust storm dropped 12 tons of dust on Chicago and went all the way to New York city. This day was known as 'Black Sunday.'      

My dream speech

We started by looking at Martin Luther King Jr.'s [MLK] famous dream speech and then we talked about what I would like to see change in my lifetime and what I feel passionate about. I am mainly focussed on gender stereotyping and equality and I have been looking at some campaigns and sites like PinkStinks, Let clothes be clothes and A mighty girl for inspiration to write my own dream speech:

I have a dream that I will live in a world
Where people don't tell little girls and boys
What they are supposed to like. 

I have a dream that all over the world
Little girls will go to school alongside their brothers. 

I have a dream that all over the world,
Men and women will be able
To chose who they love. 

I have a dream that when I am older
I will live in a world where society does not teach
Little girls that the most important thing about them
Is to be pretty. 

I have a dream of a world
Where damsels and princesses save themselves
Instead of waiting for their prince charming. 

I have a dream that we will live
In a world where being strong and protective
Isn't just for boys
And being kind and thoughtful
Isn't just for girls.

Harriet Tubman

Born:  1820 in Dorchester county, Maryland.

Died: March 10 1913 in Auburn,  New York aged 93.

Children: Gertie Davis [adopted] 

Harriet Tubman was born a slave in Maryland 1820.  Her birth name was Araminta Ross but when she was 13 she took up her mothers name, Harriet.

It was hard being a slave, when she was only 6 years old she was loaned out to another family where she cared for a baby and the only thing she got to eat was table scraps.

When she was thirteen she received a severe head injury when a slave owner tried to throw a iron weight at his slave but unfortunately it hit her in the head. She said that her hair (which had never been brushed) saved her life.

Harriet first escaped with her two brothers but half way they decided to turn back and forced Harriet to come with them.

Harriet then escaped again in 1849 to Philadelphia but immediately returned to Maryland to rescue her family. Very slowly group by group she brought relatives with her out of the city and gradually guided dozens of slaves to freedom.

Harriet was called 'the moses of her people' like in the bible she freed her people. Harriet freed hundreds of slaves before she freed herself.

The underground railroad was not a actual railroad but a number of safe homes [called stations] that hid slaves as they travelled north. The people that helped the slaves where called conductors.

The main reason that Harriet Tubman was never caught was because she was a woman everyone assumed they were looking for a man. 

A day in the shoes of Ruby Bridges

 My name is Ruby Bridges and I am 6 years old. I was born on September the 8th 1954 in
TylerTown, Mississippi. My parents Lucille and Abon Bridges  are sharecroppers which means they farm on the land but don't own it. When I turned four we moved to New Orleans. In New Orleans we lived in a small apartment were I shared a bedroom with my sister and two younger brothers. I went to a all black kindergarden. It was a long walk but I didn't mind I would pass the baker who would give me a friendly wave. I really liked my teacher mrs. king. One day I was asked to take a test, at the time I did not know that it would determine whether or not I would go to a all white school. I was one of the six who passed the test two didn't go and there was three other girls who went to a different school. At first my dad didn't want me to go because off all the protesters but my mum managed to convince him.


Each day these men called federal marshals would take me to school. at first I didn't understand why there were so many people trying to stop me from going to school. every day there would be protesters throwing stones at me. Most of the other children were taken out of school even the people who did not protest had to take there children out of school because it wasn't safe. I was the only black child in the school and the only child in the year. I had a white teacher called mrs. Henry.

Even though there were loads of protesters there was also a few people who would send money to pay the bills and gifts of encouragement.


Hear Ruby Bridges talk about her experience here
before you go please take a minute of your time to listen to this song about Ruby Bridges here.

  

Japanese geographic

This month I have been learning about Japan. Recently I have been learning about traditional clothing, silk, fairytales, historical events like Hiroshima, folk stories, robotics, and how to draw manga. Today I am writing about Japanese geography and culture.


How many islands are there?

There is a whopping total of 6,852 islands in Japan, but the confusing bit is that only 430 are inhabited. The main four islands are Honshu, Shikoku, Hokkaido and Kyushu. The smallest is Shikoku and the largest is Honshu.


Tokyo

the population of Tokyo is 13.62 million. This capital is such a over crowded city that they have people that stuff people into people trains and the cheapest hotel you could stay in is like a box here is a picture.  






Are there any active  volcanoes?


Yes there  are 110 active volcanoes in Japan. The most famous is mount Fuji. Mount Fuji last erupted in 1707 AD nearly 300 years ago. It is said that a anonymous buddhist monk was the first person to climb mount Fuji. Women weren't aloud to climb mount Fuji until 1912    


Religion

The main religions in Japan are Shinto and Buddhism. Shinto has no god but has a spirit called Kami. Kami is happy when the  followers show interest and when treated right will bring health and business. Shinto happily coexists with Buddhism in Japan. Buddhists follow the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama. He was a prince who became frustrated with his life of luxury and gave up his wealth to live a life of poverty (asceticism). he was unfulfilled by a life of poverty just as he had been by his life of wealth, so he decided to search for a 'middle road' and started meditating. he meditated until he was enlightened, from then he was called the buddha which means enlightened one. Buddhists do not follow a god but meditate in search of enlightenment.


Native plants and animals


The top 3 native plants in Japan are Japanese pine [Matsu,] Hydrangea [Ajisai] and shibazakura. Japan loves wildlife but due to the fact of over population there is 136 endangered species in Japan. Japan is the home of stella sea eagle,

meditation


Today I have started to meditate I am going to try and meditate for 5 minutes every day. 

Hiroshima

Hiroshima is a city in Japan that was bombed in world war 2.

Who bombed Hiroshima and why?

The Americans bombed Hiroshima after Japan bombed pearl harbour. the atomic bombs little boy and fat man were invented by J. Robert Oppenheimer . The Americans chose Hiroshima because it was a large military base.

How many people died during the bombing of Hiroshima?

the estimate death toll was 265,000 people out of a population of 300,000.


What is it like today?

Today Hiroshima is like a normal city but with a few ruins many people live there normally with the population of 1,196,274 people.

Where is Hiroshima?

Hiroshima is the capital of Hiroshima prefecture and the largest city in Chugoku region of western Honshu the largest island of Japan. 

Leatherback turtles

Today I went to the st. Agnes museum  and saw a stuffed leatherback turtle it had died from swallowing a plastic bag thinking it was a jellyfish. I found that very sad. here are ten facts about the leatherback turtle.




1. The leatherback turtle is the largest sea turtle
2. They can weigh up to 2,000 pounds
3, Leatherbacks are the deepest-diving turtle.they can dive up to 4,2000 feet.
4.  Leatherbacks are world travellers, traveling an astounding 10,000 miles or more each year in search of jellyfish. They will travel the whole pacific  ocean from Asia to the west coast of the US to forage off the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and California.   
5. They are endangered because they often eat plastic bags and balloons thinking they are jellyfish
6. they can be up to 2 and a half metres long
7. Leatherbacks feed on jellyfish
8. They are the largest marine reptile
9. They live in the Caribbean
10. They have a average life of 45 years

history of silk

Today I am writing about silk, I will focus on the production of silk, the history of silk, the silk roads, and how the Chinese secret of silk spread across the world. 

The legend

Legend is that Empress Hsi Ling Shi, wife of Emperor Huang Ti (also called the Yellow Emperor), was the first person to accidentally discover silk as weavable fibre.  According to legend the Empress was sipping tea under a mulberry tree when a cocoon fell in her tea an started unraveling. It was then that she found that silk was a weavable and strong fibre.

How they make it

They make silk by raising the silkworms until they're in their cocoons and then put all off the cocoons in boiling hot water to kill the silkworms inside then they weave 7 to 8 strings of silk together. After that workers have to painstakingly collect all of the clumps and debris.  Watch a video about how silk is made here. 

How it came to Europe

The Roman Empire knew of and traded in silk. Silk came to Europe in CE 550 when monks working for the emperor Justinian smuggled silkworm eggs to Europe in hollow bamboo walking canes.


Silk roads

The silk road was the ancient trading route from Europe to Asia. It has taken on a mythological status and the reality is unclear. For example historians cannot agree on length and route some say 4000 miles some say 7000 miles. One thing we do know is it is over 10,000 years old because silk was found in Egyptian tombs, a long way away from were it would have been made in China. The silk road went from china to the Mediterranean, and was probably not just a one road but a network of roads used by merchants and traders. Although the Romans loved silk and bought it from the Chinese

they thought it grew on trees like cotton. This was because they had never met the Chinese . All their trading was done through middlemen who would take the silk from the Chinese and give it to the Romans. A man called Ying Yang was sent to visit Rome but was put off when he was told it would take two years to get there! When he got back to china he found out that it was a lie told to him by the middlemen because they did not want to lose their place in the business. The silk roads were in my opinion like a giant market were everyone would have something to trade and exchange for goods. As well as silk the Chinese also traded teas, salt, sugar, porcelain and spices. Other travellers would trade cotton, ivory, wool, gold and silver. 

Marco Polo

He learned the mercantile trade from his father and uncle. Marco Polo was not the first European to reach China [see Europeans in Medieval China.] 

• 
  

Mulberries 

 Silk

Silkworm, Bombyx Mori and silk cocoon 

The Ragged School Museum

Yesterday I went to the Ragged School Museum in Mile End. It was fun. The Ragged School is a school that was built by Dr. Barnardo who came to London to study and become a doctor but was shocked by the living conditions in the East End of London.  Barnardo was born in Ireland 1845. He had his aim, to improve the conditions in London and to give the poor opportunities to have good jobs.

The living conditions in the East End were horrible. People lived in buildings called tenements where there would be up to 60 people sharing one outdoor toilet and tap. There was no NHS or free state school so it would be hard to stay healthy or to find a way out of poverty. Barnardo started the ragged schools for the children to be educated, and homes for them to live. Barnardo’s schools were open to everyone, girls and boys, black and white. This was very forward thinking at the time and very radical.

The East End of London was the very poor part of London that was very over crowded. It was hard children from poor families who could not write to improve their opportunities because they wouldn’t be able to get a job except from a badly paid hard working manual job.

The Ragged School was originally a warehouse and opened as a school in 1867. It is next to the Regent’s Canal. The aim was to educate the children so they could get a better job than a washerwoman or working down at the docks. They became call the Ragged Schools because the children's clothes were ragged.

Upstairs in the ragged school I got dressed up and had a real ragged school day with an actor acting as our teacher Miss Perkins who was very strict and had a cane, a back brace (the back brace would do the job of making sure you don’t slouch), finger stocks (they would make you stop fiddling), dunce hat (you would wear that if you got something wrong, it meant you were stupid) and she even made a left handed girl write with her right hand.

You can learn more about the Ragged School here.

                                                                                                                                

SHAKESPEARE PART ONE: The Globe

Yesterday I went to Shakespeare’s theatre called the Globe. It was so much fun. About 100 meters away was the museum all about the globe.

The Globe Is a Tudor design with a thatched roof and three balconies. If you were rich and important you would sit on the balconies; even though you could not see very well, you could hear very well. It also meant everyone else could see you and know that you are rich and important.

The Globe was originally built in 1599, destroyed by fire that started when a canon was fired into the crowd to mark the entrance of King Henry the IVV in Shakespeare’s play King Henry the IVV in 1613 the sparks from the canon set fire to the thatched roof and within 2 hours the theatre had burnt down. They rebuilt  it in 1614 exactly the same but without the thatched roof, and in1644 they demolished it and rebuilt it to it’s current location. 

My favorite part was the costumes and special effects, look out for ‘costumes and special effects’ on my blog soon.

 

Ham House

Yesterday I went to Ham House. The gardens were beautiful. Cherry Tree garden used to be filled with Cherry trees when Elizabeth Murray grew up, but now the garden has been recreated like plans that people found in the house. The Cherry Tree garden and many others would be for showing off but there was also gardens for food and vegetables and for medicinal uses. Elizabeth would make all the medicines in her own still. They used a trick to keep their plants healthy by putting patches were there were only flowers to keep the pests away from the other plants. This is because they did not have pestisides.

The house was covered in luxurious and expensive items for example : dolphin chairs, many tapestries draping the walls, many vases from china, and they even had a very expensive lacquer table, the table would have been very expensive because it had about 300 layers of lacquer on it and each layer would take a day to dry, so it would take a year to make.

Elizabeth Murray (maitland) lived at Ham house, in her own right she was the Countess of Dysart and through marriage the Duchess of Lauderdale. She was very tenacious and in 1653 she joined the secret Royalist organisation, called the  Sealed Knot. In 1660, when Charles II resumed the throne, he rewarded Elizabeth with an annual pension of £800. The reason for this is because she helped him regain power. Her enemies accused her of witchcraft because of her political influence. The Duchess of Lauderdale died, at the age of 72, on 5 June 1698 at Ham House. She is buried with other members of the Dysart family in a vault under the chancel of Petershan parish church.

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All About Fireflies

Last night I saw loads of Fireflies they tended to be gathered in shadowy places.  They reminded me of little Fairies flashing torches on and off.













The word for animals that make their own light is called bioluminescence.

Nobody really knows how the fireflies glow but they know that its a chemical reaction.
The males fly around attracting the females by flashing at them, the females will then flash back.


There are other animals that make their own light. Scorpions glow under UV light but nobody knows what they use their light for but scientists think it could have been a accidental by-product. Female Angler fish use their antenna to hunt, by luring in their prey with their bioluminescent antenna.

In the deeper, darker parts of the ocean, the light will attract smaller fish and when close enough the Angler fish will strike. The Angler fish is named because 'Angling' is another name for 'fishing'.  there was confusion for a short time about male Angler fish, scientists wondered whether or not there were any males, but discovered tiny males clinging onto females feeding off them until reproduction takes place.


















Some millipedes glow in the dark, they use their glow to tell predators to go away.



There is also another bioluminescent sea creature called the cookie cutter shark (also known as the cigar shark for the black band round the sharks neck),  which will take cookie sized bite out of larger fish,  whales, dolphins, Dugongs, seals, nuclear submarines  and even humans and great white sharks! They take a bite by suctioning the flesh with their sticky lips biting with their teeth and rotating there body round 360 degrees. They are the smallest species of shark, with the biggest teeth. When they loose their  teeth they loose them in rows. Only 10 have ever been caught because in day they hide in the the bottom of the sea and in the night comes up to the surface to feed on its unprepared prey, the prey is unprepared because the the belly of the shark is bioluminescent which makes it camouflaged by the light, so that the prey cannot see it.

Here is my diagram of a firefly: